Image‐guided diagnosis and treatment of glioblastoma

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor with poor prognosis and high recurrence rate. The presence of blood–brain barrier (BBB) prevents diagnostic therapeutic drugs from penetrating working in GBM. In traditional surgical treatment, it difficult to completely distinguish boundary between surrounding normal tissue, resulting incomplete resection tumor. Therefore, diagnosis treatment GBM are very challenging. Several molecular probes nanoprobes have been reported successfully penetrate BBB, selectively target accumulate achieve situ imaging tumors, thus achieving accurate orthotopic or non-orthotopic This paper reviews advances image-guided design principle, application, advantages each probe enumerated detail. Finally, prospects potential challenges discussed a view further promote study application novel